Casting nrog inoculant hom thiab kev txiav txim?
Kev noj qab haus huv yog ib hom tuaj yeem txhawb qhov graphitization, txo kev nyiam ntawm lub qhov ncauj dawb, txhim kho lub suab thiab faib cov graphite, nce cov pab pawg eutectic, kho cov qauv ua ke, nws muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv lub sijhawm luv tom qab kev kho mob inoculation.
Tam sim no, muaj ntau yam inoculants siv los kho grey cam khwb cia hlau, tab sis 75 ferrosilicon yog dav siv. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los, qhov kev thov rau kev nyias-walled castings yog nce hnub los ntawm hnub, thiab cov uas yuav tsum tau ua rau inoculation kho yog ntau nruj. Thaum tsis tshua muaj carbon sib npaug ntawm cov cam khwb cia hlau, lub siab nyiam ntawm nyias-walled castings tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo dua los ntawm kev siv cov inoculants muaj strontium, barium, bismuth, zirconium lossis qee yam hauv ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj. Tseem muaj qhov tshaj tawm tias inoculants muaj barium, bismuth thiab lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj lub ntsiab lus tuaj yeem ua kom qeeb ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, daim ntawv thov ntawm carbonaceous inoculants tau nce tsis ntev los no. Raws li rau kev xaiv ntawm inoculants, txawm hais tias ntau ntawm kev tshawb fawb ua haujlwm tiav lawm, nws tsis txaus los ua ib qho qauv thoob ntiaj teb. Lub hauv paus yuav tsum xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm nws tus kheej cov khoom lag luam, xyuas cov txheej txheem nrog kev siv rau kev paub ntawm lwm qhov kev ntsuas, thiab tom qab ntawd xaiv cov inoculant uas haum rau nws tus kheej cov khoom siv raws li kev ntsuas. Muaj ntau ntau cov inoculants siv nyob rau hauv foundry ntau lawm.
1. ferrosilicon
75 ferrosilicon yog cov inoculant feem ntau siv los ntawm tsoomfwv Suav, nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm txhuas thiab calcium ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov nyhuv inoculation. Nws tau qhia nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv hais tias ferrosilicon tsis muaj txhuas thiab calcium muaj tsawg los yog tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam rau inoculation nyhuv ntawm grey cam khwb cia hlau. Hauv cov hlau tsis muaj hlau, txhuas thiab calcium uas xav tias yuav ua tiav nrog cov pa oxygen thiab nitrogen los ua cov nplaim hluavtaws sib txuas uas ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm graphite muaju. Ntxiv mus, tom qab inoculant ntxiv, hauv zos silicon nplua nuj microareas tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv cov hlau tsis muaj hlau, uas yog qhov zoo rau graphite nag lossis daus. Thaum nriav ferrosilicon rau inoculation, cov ntsiab lus ntawm txhuas thiab calcium tsis tuaj yeem xav txog. Raws li rau FeSi75 raws li inoculant, muaj 75 ferrosilicon qib nrog txhuas cov ntsiab lus sib txawv hauv lub teb chaws tus qauv GB / T 2272-1987. Cov kev txwv sab saud ntawm aluminium cov ntsiab lus yog 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% thiab 2.0% feem, thiab kev txwv sab saud ntawm calcium cov ntsiab lus yog 1.0%. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntsiab lus aluminium hauv cov hlau ua kua yuav tsum tsis txhob siab dhau, ntxiv rau 0.01% aluminium yuav ua rau lub ntsej muag ua kom tawg pores. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm inoculant ntau yam thiab kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv inoculant yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab.
2. Silicontium inoculant
Siliconstrontium inoculant muaj qhov pom tseeb ntawm kev tshem tawm cov qhov dawb hauv castings, uas tau txais txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb los txhim kho cov morphology thiab faib tawm ntawm graphite hauv nyias-walled castings, kom qhov sib txawv ntawm microstructure ntawm txawv thicknesses me, thiab undercooled microstructure tuaj yeem tsuas yog pom nyob rau sab saum toj txheej ntawm castings. Strontium yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev cog lus inoculation nyob rau hauv ferrosilicon inoculants. Thaum qhov degree ntawm undercooling loj dua strontium muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev txo cov pawg eutectic tuaj yeem txo qhov shrinkage kab noj hniav thiab porosity tsis xws luag ntawm cov ua haujlwm. Siliconstrontium inoculant yog cov muaj zog inoculant. Nws lub peev xwm number case yog qhov ua tau zoo dua li ntawm ferrosilicon. Piv nrog rau cov kab mob calcium inoculant, cov kua mem muaj peev xwm zoo ib yam, tab sis nws muaj qhov nruab nrab yaj tsis sib xws, solubility zoo, cov ntsiab lus calcium tsawg dua, cov kab slag tsawg dua, tso cai rau qhov ntsuas kub tsawg dua. Piv nrog ferrosilicon thiab barium ferrosilicon, nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb yog tias nws tsis nce ntau ntawm cov pawg eutectic thaum txo cov whiteness, yog li nws tuaj yeem txo qhov shrinkage thiab porosity nyiam, txhim kho casting densification thiab dej siab tsis kam.
Silicone strontium inoculant yog qhov tsim nyog rau nyias txheej phab ntsa lossis txias siab leej faj, tsis tshua muaj leej faj ntau qhov xim hlau, nrog muaj peev xim ua kom muaj zog. Nws kuj tseem siv tau cov hlau sib xyaw kom nce cov hlau ntau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siab nickel corrosion resistant ductile hlau (muaj Ni 14%, Cu 6%, Cr 2%, Si 1.5%). Tsis tas li ntawd, vim tias nws txo lub qhov ncauj dawb thiab tsis pom tseeb nce ntau ntawm cov pawg eutectic, nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim nyog rau cov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua kom nruj, tsis muaj xoob, dej siab tiv thaiv grey cam khwb cia hlau, cov nyhuv yog zoo, thiab sib txawv ntawm carbon silicon calcium muaj zog number case inoculant, tuaj yeem tso cai rau qhov kub ntawm molten hlau muaj tsawg, tib lub sijhawm calcium, txhuas cov ntsiab lus muaj tsawg, tsawg slag, castings tsis muaj pinhole tsis xws luag. Rau grey cam khwb cia hlau, nws yog li 0.1-0.3%, thiab cov hlau cam khwb cia hlau tuaj yeem nce ntxiv kom tsim nyog. Cov pub tau ntau ntawm cov dej hauv lub cev kub yog 1360-1460 ℃, uas feem ntau 1400-1460 in Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum ntxiv rau cov hlau ntws ntws mus rau hauv tus niam. Tsis txhob ntxiv cov inoculant nyob rau saum npoo ntawm molten hlau lossis muab nws tso kom qis nyob hauv tus hluas. Lub particle loj thiab saib xyuas theem ntawm inoculant yuav tsum yog tib yam li hais tias ntawm ferro silicon. Cov nplais hluav taws xob zoo ntawm silontium inoculant tuaj yeem yoog tau nrog ntws thaum lub sij hawm nchuav.
Tam sim no, cov khoom lag luam hauv domestic ntawm silicon-strontium inoculation cov neeg sawv cev tau muaj ntau dua, uas cov ntsiab lus ntawm strontium yog 0.6 ~ 1.0% thiab 1.0 ~ 2.0%. Feem ntau, cov hom muaj 0.6-1.0% strontium tuaj yeem xaiv. Yog tias cov ntsiab lus strontium siab dhau, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua nws lub luag haujlwm tag nrho. Siliconstrontium inoculants feem ntau yog siv rau cov kua dej vim thaum lub sijhawm ua khoom noj.
3. Silica-barium inoculant
Si-barium inoculant tseem muaj lub zog loj los txhawb nqa graphitization, txhim kho morphology thiab faib tawm ntawm graphite hauv nyias-walled castings, thiab qeeb qeeb poob ntawm inoculation. Nws tau tshaj tawm tias ntxiv barium ntau dhau lawm yuav ua rau cov ntsiab lus ferrite hauv matrix, uas ua rau txo lub zog ntawm cov cam khwb cia hlau. Tam sim no, cov ntsiab lus ntawm barium silicate inoculants tsim nyob rau hauv Suav teb feem ntau yog 4 ~ 6%. Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb txawv teb chaws hais tias ferrosilicon muaj cov bismuth tseem muaj cov nyhuv zoo sib xws nrog ferrosilicon muaj barium.
4. Silico-zirconium inoculants
Zirconium tuaj yeem deoxidize, txhim kho cov fluidity ntawm molten hlau, txo cov xim dawb ntawm cam khwb cia hlau, thiab txhawb cov teeb tsa tsis sib xws thiab zoo A-hom graphite. Thiab nws muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev majmam nqis rov qab uas yog yug nws. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ob peb casting manufacturers siv silicon zirconium inoculant hauv Suav.
5. Tsis tshua muaj neeg nyob hauv ntiaj teb
Cov inoculants muaj lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj hlau, xws li lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj hlau sib xyaw thiab lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj hlau, muaj cov nyhuv inoculation muaj zog thaum ntxiv cov nqi tsim nyog, thiab lawv cov txiaj ntsig yuav muaj ntau zaus uas ntawm 75 ferrosilicate, uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm lub qhov ncauj dawb thiab ua rau qeeb poob ntawm inoculation cov nyhuv. Yog tias qhov nyiaj tshuav ntxiv tsis dhau, nws yuav ua rau supercooling thiab cementite qauv ntawm cam khwb cia hlau thaum crystallization. Thaum siv, koob tshuaj yuav tsum tau tswj kav nruj.
6. Cov pa roj carbonaceous inoculants
Carbonaceous inoculants tsuas yog siv rau kev pretreatment ntawm molten hlau ua ntej inoculation, thiab feem ntau yog cov khoom carbonaceous hauv cov qauv crystalline. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb hais tias: rau grey cam khwb cia hlau, nrog 85 ~ 90% ntawm cov xim hlau silicon carbide ************, crystalline graphite kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Tus nqi ntawm qhov pretreatment feem ntau yog 0.75 ~ 1.0%, thiab tus nqi ntawm ****** yuav tsum tau txais raws li kev ntsuas.
Thib peb, xaus
Raws li lub zog uas tuaj yeem txhawb qhov graphitization, txo qhov nyiam ntawm ntxuav hniav dawb thiab txhim kho morphology thiab faib tawm ntawm graphite, inoculant plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cam khwb cia hlau ntau lawm. Chav tsev ntau lawm yuav tsum xaiv cov inoculant tsim nyog raws li nws cov khoom lag luam thiab phab ntsa tuab. Thaum xyuas kom cov khoom zoo, nws kuj tseem ****** txwv kom txuag tau tus nqi ntau lawm.
